Òîëêîâûé ñëîâàðü ñîâðåìåííîé êîìïüþòåðíîé ëåêñèêè Íîâèêîâ Ôåäîð
ÔÓÍÊÖÈÎÍÀËÜÍÎÅ ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ [functional device, functional unit]
ÖÈÔÐÎÀÍÀËÎÃÎÂÛÉ ÏÐÅÎÁÐÀÇÎÂÀÒÅËÜ (ÖÀÏ) [digital-to-analog converter (DAC)]
ØÈÍÀ [bus]
ØÈÍÀ ÄÀÍÍÛÕ [data bus]
ØÈÍÀ VLB, ëîêàëüíàÿ øèíà VESA [VESA local bus (VLB)]
ÝËÅÌÅÍÒÍÀß ÁÀÇÀ [integrated circuit]
ÝËÅÌÅÍÒ ÐÀÑØÈÐÅÍÈß [add-on]
ÝËÅÊÒÐÎÍÍÀß ÑÕÅÌÀ [electronic circuit]
ÖÈÔÐÎÂÎÉ ÑÈÃÍÀË, äèñêðåòíûé ñèãíàë [digital signal, discrete signal]
2.2. Âèäû êîìïüþòåðîâ
ÀÍÀËÎÃÎÂÀß ÂÛ×ÈÑËÈÒÅËÜÍÀß ÌÀØÈÍÀ (ABM) [analog computer]
ÀÍÀËÎÃÎ-ÖÈÔÐÎÂÀß ÂÛ×ÈÑËÈÒÅËÜÍÀß ÑÈÑÒÅÌÀ, ãèáðèäíàÿ âû÷èñëèòåëüíàÿ ñèñòåìà [hybrid computer]
ÁÅÎÂÓËÜÔ-ÊËÀÑÒÅÐ [Beowulf cluster]
ÁËÎÊÍÎÒÍÛÉ ÊÎÌÏÜÞÒÅÐ [hand-held PC (HPC)]
ÂÑÒÐÎÅÍÍÀß ÝÂÌ [build-in computer]
ÂÛ×ÈÑËÈÒÅËÜÍÀß ÌÀØÈÍÀ, êîìïüþòåð [computer]
ÂÛ×ÈÑËÈÒÅËÜÍÀß ÑÈÑÒÅÌÀ ÌÐÐ, ñèñòåìà ÌÐÐ [massively parallel processors system, ÌÐÐ system]
ÂÛ×ÈÑËÈÒÅËÜÍÛÉ ÊËÀÑÒÅÐ, êëàñòåð [computer cluster, cluster]
ÃÅÒÅÐÎÃÅÍÍÀß ÂÛ×ÈÑËÈÒÅËÜÍÀß ÑÈÑÒÅÌÀ, ðàçíîðîäíàÿ âû÷èñëèòåëüíàÿ ñèñòåìà [heterogeneous computer system]
ÃËÀÂÍÀß ÝÂÌ, õîñò [host computer, host]
ÊÀËÜÊÓËßÒÎÐ [calculator]
ÊËÀÑÒÅÐÍÀß ÂÛ×ÈÑËÈÒÅËÜÍÀß ÑÈÑÒÅÌÀ [cluster computer system]
ÊÎÌÏÜÞÒÅÐ ÑÎ ÑËÎÆÍÎÉ ÑÈÑÒÅÌÎÉ ÊÎÌÀÍÄ, CISC-êîìïüþòåð [complex instruction set computer (CISC)]
ÊÎÌÏÜÞÒÅÐ Ñ ÓÏÐÎÙÅÍÍÎÉ ÑÈÑÒÅÌÎÉ ÊÎÌÀÍÄ, RISC-êîìïüþòåð [reduced instruction set computer (RISC)]
ËÝÏÒÎÏ [laptop]
ÌÅÒÀÊÎÌÏÜÞÒÅÐ [metacomputer]
ÌÈÊÐÎÊÀËÜÊÓËßÒÎÐ [microcalculator]
ÌÈÊÐÎÝÂÌ [microcomputer]
ÌÍÎÃÎÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÎÐÍÀß ÝÂÌ, ìóëüòèïðîöåññîðíàÿ ÝÂÌ [multiprocessor computer]
ÌÎÁÈËÜÍÛÉ ÊÎÌÏÜÞÒÅÐ [mobile computer, mobile PC]
ÌÝÉÍÔÐÅÉÌ [mainframe]
ÍÀÑÒÎËÜÍÛÉ ÊÎÌÏÜÞÒÅÐ [desktop computer]
ÍÎÓÒÁÓÊ [notebook]
ÎÐÃÀÍÈÇÀÒÎÐ ËÈ×ÍÎÉ ÄÅßÒÅËÜÍÎÑÒÈ [personal digital assistant (PDA)]
ÏÀÐÀËËÅËÜÍÛÉ ÊÎÌÏÜÞÒÅÐ [parallel computer]
ÏÅÍ-ÊÎÌÏÜÞÒÅÐ [pen computer]
ÏÅÐÑÎÍÀËÜÍÛÉ ÊÎÌÏÜÞÒÅÐ, ïåðñîíàëüíàÿ ÝÂÌ (ÏÊ, ÏÝÂÌ) [personal computer (PC)]
ÏÅÐÑÎÍÀËÜÍÛÉ IBM-ÑÎÂÌÅÑÒÈÌÛÉ ÊÎÌÏÜÞÒÅÐ (IBM-ÏÊ) [personal IBM-compatible computer (IBM PC)]
ÏÎÊÎËÅÍÈß ÝÂÌ [computer generations]
ÏÎÐÒÀÒÈÂÍÛÉ ÊÎÌÏÜÞÒÅÐ [portable computer]
ÑÈÌÌÅÒÐÈ×ÍÛÉ ÌÍÎÃÎÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÎÐÍÛÉ ÊÎÌÏÜÞÒÅÐ, SMP-êîìïüþòåð [symmetric multi processor computer, SMP-computer]
ÑÓÏÅÐÝÂÌ, ñóïåðêîìïüþòåð [supercomputer]
ÒÐÀÍÑÏÜÞÒÅÐ [transputer]
ÖÈÔÐÎÂÀß ÂÛ×ÈÑËÈÒÅËÜÍÀß ÌÀØÈÍÀ (ÖÂÌ) [digital computer]
ÖÈÔÐÎÂÎÅ ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ [digital device]
ÕÎÑÒ [host computer, host]
MIMD-ÊÎÌÏÜÞÒÅÐ [MIMD-computer]
MISD-ÊÎÌÏÜÞÒÅÐ [MISD-computer]
SIMD-ÊÎÌÏÜÞÒÅÐ [SIMD-computer]
SISD-ÊÎÌÏÜÞÒÅÐ [SISD-computer]
SMP-ÊÎÌÏÜÞÒÅÐ [SMP-computer]
2.3. Ïðîöåññîð
ÀÐÈÔÌÅÒÈÊÎ-ËÎÃÈ×ÅÑÊÎÅ ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ (ÀÄÓ), àðèôìåòè÷åñêîå óñòðîéñòâî (ÀÓ) [arithmetic and logical unit (ALU)]
ÀÐÕÈÒÅÊÒÓÐÀ CISC [complex instruction set computing (CISC)]
ÀÐÕÈÒÅÊÒÓÐÀ RISC [reduced instruction set computing (RISC)]
ÂÅÊÒÎÐÍÀß ÊÎÌÀÍÄÀ [vector instruction, array instruction]
ÂÅÊÒÎÐÍÛÉ ÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÎÐ [vector processor]
ÊÎËÈ×ÅÑÒÂÎ ÒÀÊÒΠÍÀ ÊÎÌÀÍÄÓ [cycles per instruction (CPI)]
ÇÀÙÈÙÅÍÍÛÉ ÐÅÆÈÌ [protected mode]
ÌÀÒÅÌÀÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÉ ÑÎÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÎÐ [floating-point processor, mathematical coprocessor, math coprocessor]
ÌÀÒÐÈ×ÍÛÉ ÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÎÐ [array processor]
ÌÈÊÐÎÊÎÌÀÍÄÀ [microinstruction]
ÌÈÊÐÎÏÐÎÃÐÀÌÌÀ [micro program]
ÌÈÊÐÎÏÐÎÃÐÀÌÌÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ [microprogramming]
ÌÈÊÐÎÏÐÎÃÐÀÌÌÍÀß ÏÀÌßÒÜ [micro program store, control memory]
ÌÈÊÐÎÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÎÐ [microprocessor]
ÍÅÏÐÈÂÈËÅÃÈÐÎÂÀÍÍÛÉ ÐÅÆÈÌ [slave mode]
ÏÎÑÒÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÎÐ [back-end processor, postprocessor]
ÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÎÐ [processor]
ÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÎÐÍÛÉ ÝËÅÌÅÍÒ [processor unit]
ÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÎÐ ÑÎ ÑÂÅÐÕÄËÈÍÍÛÌ ÊÎÌÀÍÄÍÛÌ ÑËÎÂÎÌ, VLIW-ïðîöåññîð [very large instruction word processor, VLlW-processor]
ÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÎÐ ÖÈÔÐÎÂÎÉ ÎÁÐÀÁÎÒÊÈ ÑÈÃÍÀËÎÂ (ÖÎÑ) [digital signal processor (DSP)]
ÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÎÐ ÌÌÕ [multimedia extension processor (MMX processor)]
ÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÎÐ POWERPC [power performance chip, PowerPC (PPC)]
ÐÅÀËÜÍÛÉ ÐÅÆÈÌ [real mode]
ÑÈÑÒÅÌÀ ÊÎÌÀÍÄ [instruction set]
ÑÎÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÎÐ [coprocessor]
ÑÓÌÌÀÒÎÐ [accumulator]
ÑÓÏÅÐÑÊÀËßÐÍÀß ÀÐÕÈÒÅÊÒÓÐÀ [super scalar architecture]
ÑÓÏÅÐÑÊÀËßÐÍÛÉ ÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÎÐ [superscalar processor]
ÒÅÕÍÎËÎÃÈß ÌÌÕ [MultiMedia Extension (MMX)]
ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ ÓÏÐÀÂËÅÍÈß [control unit (CU)]
ÖÅÍÒÐÀËÜÍÛÉ ÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÎÐ (ÖÏ) [central processing unit (CPU)]
2.4. Ïàìÿòü
ÀÁÑÎËÞÒÍÛÉ ÀÄÐÅÑ, ôèçè÷åñêèé àäðåñ [absolute address, physical address]
ÀÄÐÅÑ [address]
ÀÄÐÅÑÀÖÈß [addressing]
ÀÄÐÅÑ ÊÎÌÀÍÄÛ [instruction address]
ÀÄÐÅÑÍÀß ØÈÍÀ [address bus]
ÀÄÐÅÑÍÎÅ ÏÐÎÑÒÐÀÍÑÒÂÎ ÖÅÍÒÐÀËÜÍÎÃÎ ÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÎÐÀ [CPU address space]
ÀÄÐÅÑÍÛÉ ÐÅÃÈÑÒÐ [address register]
ÀÄÐÅÑ ÎÏÅÐÀÍÄÀ [source address]
ÁÀÇÎÂÛÉ ÀÄÐÅÑ [base address]
ÁÀÇÎÂÛÉ ÐÅÃÈÑÒÐ, ðåãèñòð áàçû [base register]
ÁÀÍÊ ÏÀÌßÒÈ, áàíê, ñåêöèÿ ïàìÿòè [memory bank, bank, memory section]
ÁËÎÊ ÏÀÌßÒÈ [memory block, storage block]
ÁÓÔÅÐ [buffer]
ÁÓÔÅÐÈÇÀÖÈß [buffering]
ÁÓÔÅÐÍÀß ÏÀÌßÒÜ, áóôåð [buffer memory, buffer]
ÂÅÊÒÎÐÍÛÉ ÐÅÃÈÑÒÐ [vector register, V-register]
ÂÅÐÕÍßß ÏÀÌßÒÜ [upper memory blocks, UMB]
ÂÈÄÅÎÏÀÌßÒÜ [video memory, video RAM, video storage]
ÂÍÅØÍßß ÏÀÌßÒÜ [backing storage, external memory]
ÂÍÓÒÐÅÍÍßß ÏÀÌßÒÜ [Internal memory]
ÂÛÁÎÐÊÀ [fetching]
ÄÅÉÑÒÂÈÒÅËÜÍÛÉ ÀÄÐÅÑ [effective address, executive address]
ÄÈÍÀÌÈ×ÅÑÊÀß ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ ÏÀÌßÒÈ, ïðîáëåìíàÿ îáëàñòü ïàìÿòè [dynamic storage area]
ÄÎÏÎËÍÈÒÅËÜÍÀß ÏÀÌßÒÜ [add-in memory]
ÅÌÊÎÑÒÜ ÏÀÌßÒÈ, îáúåì ïàìÿòè [memory capacity]
ÅÌÊÎÑÒÜ ÐÅÃÈÑÒÐÀ, äëèíà ðåãèñòðà, ðàçìåð ðåãèñòðà [register capacity, register length, register size]
ÇÀÏÎÌÈÍÀÞÙÅÅ ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ (ÇÓ) [storage device]
ÈÍÄÅÊÑÍÀß ÀÄÐÅÑÀÖÈß, àäðåñàöèÿ ñ èíäåêñèðîâàíèåì [indexed addressing]
ÈÍÄÅÊÑÍÛÉ ÐÅÃÈÑÒÐ, ðåãèñòð èíäåêñà, ðåãèñòð Â, ðåãèñòð ÂÕ [index register, Â-register]
ÈÍÔÎÐÌÀÖÈÎÍÍÀß ÅÌÊÎÑÒÜ, èíôîðìàöèîííûé îáúåì [information capacity]
ÈÑÏÎËÍÈÒÅËÜÍÛÉ ÀÄÐÅÑ [effective (executive) address]
ÊËÀÑÒÅÐ [cluster]
ÊÌÎÏ-ÏÀÌßÒÜ, CMOS-ïàìÿòü [CMOS memory, CMOS RAM]
ÊÎÌÏËÅÌÅÍÒÀÐÍÀß ÑÒÐÓÊÒÓÐÀ ÌÅÒÀËË-ÎÊÑÈÄ-ÏÎËÓÏÐÎÂÎÄÍÈÊ, ÊÌÎÏ-ñòðóêòóðà, CMOS-ñòðóêòóðà [complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS)]
ÊÎÑÂÅÍÍÀß ÀÄÐÅÑÀÖÈß [indirect addressing]
ÊÝØÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ [caching]
ÊÝØÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ Ñ ÎÁÐÀÒÍÎÉ ÇÀÏÈÑÜÞ [write-back caching]
ÊÝØÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ Ñ ÏÐßÌÎÉ ÇÀÏÈÑÜÞ [write-through caching]
ÊÝØ-ÏÀÌßÒÜ [cache memory]
ËÎÃÈ×ÅÑÊÈÉ ÀÄÐÅÑ, âèðòóàëüíûé àäðåñ [logical address, virtual address]
ËÎÃÈ×ÅÑÊÀß ÇÀÏÈÑÜ [logical record]
ÌÀÑÑÎÂÀß ÏÀÌßÒÜ [mass storage]
ÌÈÊÐÎÑÕÅÌÀ ÏÀÌßÒÈ [memory circuit]
ÌÎÄÓËÜ ÏÀÌßÒÈ [memory module]
ÍÀÑÒÐÎÉÊÀ ÀÄÐÅÑÎÂ [address relocation]
ÍÅÏÎÑÐÅÄÑÒÂÅÍÍÛÉ ÎÏÅÐÀÍÄ [immediate operand]
ÍÅÐÅÇÈÄÅÍÒÍÛÉ ÏÓË [paged pool]
ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ ÏÀÌßÒÈ [storage area]
ÎÁÍÓËÅÍÈÅ [zero Ming]
ÎÁÙÀß ÏÀÌßÒÜ [shareable memory, shared memory]
ÎÏÅÐÀÒÈÂÍÀß ÏÀÌßÒÜ [main memory, main storage]
ÎÏÅÐÀÒÈÂÍÀß ÏÀÌßÒÜ ÏÅÐÑÎÍÀËÜÍÛÕ IBM-ÑÎÂÌÅÑÒÈÌÛÕ ÊÎÌÏÜÞÒÅÐÎÂ [IBM-PC main memory]
ÎÑÍÎÂÍÀß ÏÀÌßÒÜ [main memory, main storage]
ÎÒËÎÆÅÍÍÀß ÇÀÏÈÑÜ [lazy write]
ÎÒÍÎÑÈÒÅËÜÍÛÉ ÀÄÐÅÑ [relative address]
ÎÒÎÁÐÀÆÀÅÌÀß ÏÀÌßÒÜ [expanded memory]
ÏÀÌßÒÜ [memory, storage, store]
ÏÀÌßÒÜ ÏÐÎÈÇÂÎËÜÍÎÃÎ ÄÎÑÒÓÏÀ, ïàìÿòü ïðÿìîãî äîñòóïà [random access memory (RAM)]
ÏÀÌßÒÜ ÝÂÌ [memory, storage, store]
ÏÎÑËÅÄÎÂÀÒÅËÜÍÛÉ ÄÎÑÒÓÏ [sequential access, serial access]
ÏÎÑÒÎßÍÍÎÅ ÇÀÏÎÌÈÍÀÞÙÅÅ ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ (ÏÇÓ) [read only memory (ROM)]
ÏÐÅÔÈÊÑ [prefix]
ÏÐÎÂÅÐÊÀ ÍÀ ×ÅÒÍÎÑÒÜ [even parity]
ÏÐßÌÀß ÀÄÐÅÑÀÖÈß, íåïîñðåäñòâåííàÿ àäðåñàöèÿ [direct addressing, immediate addressing]
ÏÐßÌÎÉ ÄÎÑÒÓÏ [direct access]
ÏÓË ÏÀÌßÒÈ, ïóë [pool]
ÐÀÁÎ×Àß ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ [work area, workspace]
ÐÀÇÄÅË ÄÈÑÊÀ, ðàçäåë [partition]
ÐÀÇÄÅË ÏÀÌßÒÈ [division, partition]
ÐÀÇÄÅËßÅÌÀß ÏÀÌßÒÜ, îáùàÿ ïàìÿòü [shareable memory, shared memory]
ÐÀÑÏÐÅÄÅËÅÍÍÀß ÏÀÌßÒÜ [allocate memory]
ÐÀÑØÈÐÅÍÍÀß ÏÀÌßÒÜ [extended memory (XMS)]
ÐÅÃÈÑÒÐ [register]
ÐÅÃÈÑÒÐ ÀÄÐÅÑÀ, àäðåñíûé ðåãèñòð [address register]
ÐÅÃÈÑÒÐ ÁÀÇÛ [base register]. To æå, ÷òî áàçîâûé ðåãèñòð
ÐÅÃÈÑÒÐ ÊÎÌÀÍÄ [instruction register]
ÐÅÇÈÄÅÍÒÍÛÉ ÏÓË [nonpaged pool]
ÑÁÐÎÑ ÊÝØ-ÏÀÌßÒÈ, ñáðîñ êýøà [cache flushing]
ÑÅÃÌÅÍÒÀÖÈß [segmentation]
ÑÅÃÌÅÍÒ ÏÀÌßÒÈ, ñåãìåíò [memory segment]
ÑÈÑÒÅÌÀ ÓÏÐÀÂËÅÍÈß ÏÀÌßÒÜÞ [memory management system]
ÑÌÅÙÅÍÈÅ [displacement, offset]
ÑÒÐÀÍÈÖÀ ÏÀÌßÒÈ, ñòðàíèöà [memory page, page]
ÒÎ×ÍÀß ÇÀÏÈÑÜ [careful write]
ÔÈÇÈ×ÅÑÊÀß ÇÀÏÈÑÜ [physical record]
ÔÈÇÈ×ÅÑÊÀß ÏÀÌßÒÜ [physical storage]
ÔÈÇÈ×ÅÑÊÈÉ ÀÄÐÅÑ [physical address]
×ÅÐÅÄÓÅÌÀß ÏÀÌßÒÜ [switching memory, flip-flops]
ÝËÅÊÒÐÎÍÍÛÉ ÄÈÑÊ, âèðòóàëüíûé äèñê, ïñåâäîäèñê [electronic disk, virtual disk, RAM disk]
ß×ÅÉÊÀ ÏÀÌßÒÈ [cell]
2.5. Óñòðîéñòâà ââîäà/âûâîäà
ÀÄÀÏÒÅÐ ÄÈÑÏËÅß, âèäåîàäàïòåð, âèäåîêàðòà [display adapter, videoadapter, videocard]
ÀËÜÔÀ-ÊÀÍÀË [alpha channel]
ÂÈÄÅÎÒÅÐÌÈÍÀË [video terminal]
ÂÈÇÓÀËÈÇÀÖÈß [rendering]
ÂÑÒÐÎÅÍÍÛÉ ÈÍÒÅÐÔÅÉÑ ÍÀÊÎÏÈÒÅËÅÉ, èíòåðôåéñ IDE [integrated drive electronics, integrated device electronics (IDE)]
ÂÛÂÎÄ ÄÀÍÍÛÕ, âûâîä [data output, output]
ÃÎËÎÂÊÀ ÇÀÏÈÑÈ/×ÒÅÍÈß [read-write head]
ÃÐÀÔÈ×ÅÑÊÈÉ ÀÄÀÏÒÅÐ [graphics adapter]
ÃÐÀÔÈ×ÅÑÊÈÉ ÑÎÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÎÐ, ãðàôè÷åñêèé àêñåëåðàòîð [graphics coprocessor, graphics accelerator]
ÄÆÎÉÑÒÈÊ [joystick]
ÄÈÑÊÎÂÎÄ [disk drive]
ÄÈÑÏËÅÉ [display]
ÄÈÑÏËÅÉ ÍÀ ÆÈÄÊÈÕ ÊÐÈÑÒÀËËÀÕ, æèäêîêðèñòàëëè÷åñêèé äèñïëåé [liquid crystal display (LCD)]
ÇÀÏÈÑÜ [writing, record]
ÇÍÀÊÎÃÅÍÅÐÀÒÎÐ [character generator]
ÇÍÀÊÎÌÅÑÒÎ [font reticle]
ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÛÉ ÒÅÐÌÈÍÀË [intelligent terminal]
ÈÍÔÐÀÊÐÀÑÍÛÉ ÈÍÒÅÐÔÅÉÑ [infrared interface, Ir interface]
ÈÍÔÐÀÊÐÀÑÍÛÉ ÏÎÐÒ [infrared port, Ir port]
ÊÀËÈÁÐÎÂÊÀ [calibration, tuning]
ÊÀÍÀË ÂÂÎÄÀ/ÂÛÂÎÄÀ, êàíàë [input-output channel, channel]
ÊËÀÂÈÀÒÓÐÀ [keyboard]
ÊÎÍÑÎËÜ [console]
ËÈÍÅÉÍÛÉ ÏÐÈÍÒÅÐ, óñòðîéñòâî ïîñòðî÷íîé ïå÷àòè, àëôàâèòíî-öèôðîâîå ïå÷àòàþùåå óñòðîéñòâî (ÀÖÏÓ) [line printer (LPT)]
ÌÎÍÈÒÎÐ [monitor]
×èòàòü áåñïëàòíî äðóãèå êíèãè:
